Asthma chirwere chinokonzera kuzvimba kwenguva refu (kusingaperi) munzira dzekufema. Kuzvimba uku kunoita kuti vanzwe zvimwe zvinhu, zvakaita semupunga, kurovedza muviri kana mhepo inotonhora. Munguva yekurwiswa uku, nzira dzekufema dzinoita shoma (bronchospasm), dzinozvimba uye dzinozadzwa nemate. Izvi zvinoita kuti zviome kufema kana kuti zvikukonzere kuti ukwanise kukosora kana kufemera. Pasina kurapwa, kuzvimba uku kunogona kuuraya.

Mamiriyoni evanhu muUS nepasi rose vane asthma. Inogona kutanga muhudiki kana kukura kana wava munhu mukuru. Dzimwe nguva inonzi asthma yebronchial.

Mhando dzeasthma dzinosanganisira:

Asima yeAllergy:kana allergies dzichikonzera zviratidzo zveasthma

Asima inosiyana-siyana yekukosora:kana chiratidzo chako cheasthma chiri chikosoro chega

Asima inokonzerwa nekurovedza muviri: kana kurovedza muviri kuchikonzera zviratidzo zveasthma

Asima yekushanda:kana zvinhu zvaunofema kubasa zvichikonzera kuti uve neasthma kana kuti zvinokonzera kurwiswa neasthma

Chirwere cheAsthma-COPD chinopindirana (ACOS):kana uine asthma neCOPD (chirwere chemapapu chisingarapiki)

Zviratidzo Nezvikonzero

Zviratidzo zveasthma zvinosanganisira:

● Kushaya mweya wekufema

● Kufemera

● Kuoma kwechipfuva, kurwadziwa kana kumanikidzwa

● Kukosora

Ungangove uine asthma nguva zhinji (asthma inogara iripo). Kana kuti ungangonzwa zvakanaka pakati pekurwiswa neasthma (asthma inopindirana).

Zvikonzero zveasthma

Nyanzvi hadzizivi kuti chii chinokonzera asthma. Asi unogona kunge uri panjodzi huru kana:

● Kurarama nezvirwere zvinotapukira kana kuti eczema (atopy)

● Vakanga vasangana nehupfu, utsi kana utsi hwaishandiswa nevamwe kana hwevamwe (zvakasara zvakasara mushure mekusvuta), kunyanya vachiri vadiki.

● Une mubereki wako chaiye ane allergies kana asthma

● Ndakambosangana nezvirwere zvekufema zvinoramba zvichiitika (seRSV) achiri mudiki

Zvinokonzera asima

Zvikonzero zveasthma chero chinhu chinokonzera zviratidzo zveasthma kana kuti zvinozviwedzera kuipa. Ungave uine chimwe chinhu chaicho kana zvakawanda. Zvikonzero zvinowanzo sanganisira:

Kurwara: mukume, guruva, dander yemhuka dzinovaraidza, zvimwe zvinhu zvinokonzera allergy mumhepo

Mhepo inotonhora:kunyanya munguva yechando

Kurovedza muviri:kunyanya kurovedza muviri kwakasimba uye mitambo yechando

Foroma: kunyangwe iweHausi munhu ane allergies

Kusangana nematambudziko pabasa:guruva remuti, furawa, manamu, latex, zvinhu zvekuvaka

Zvirwere zvekufema:dzihwa, furuwenza nezvimwe zvirwere zvekufema

Utsi:kusvuta, utsi hwevamwe, utsi hwevamwe

Kushushikana: zvemuviri kana zvepfungwa

Makemikoro kana hwema hwakasimba: zvinonhuhwirira, polish yenzara, zvinochenesa imba, zvinonhuhwirira mweya

Chepfu mumhepo:utsi hwemufekitori, utsi hwemotokari, utsi hwemoto wesango

Zvikonzero zveasthma zvinogona kukonzera chirwere nekukasika. Kana kuti zvinogona kutora maawa kana mazuva kuti chirwere chitange mushure mekunge wasangana nechirwere.

Kuongorora uye Kuedzwa

Vanachiremba vanoongorora sei asthma? Chiremba wezvirwere zveallergies kana pulmonologist anoongorora asthma nekubvunza nezvezviratidzo zvako uye nekukubvunza mashandiro emapapu. Vachakubvunza nezvenhoroondo yako yezveutano uye yemhuri. Zvinogona kubatsira kuvazivisa zvinoita kuti zviratidzo zveasthma zviwedzere uye kana paine chinokubatsira kuti unzwe zviri nani.

Chiremba wako anogona kuona kuti mapapu ako ari kushanda zvakanaka sei uye anogona kubvisa zvimwe zvirwere zvine:

Kuongororwa kweropa neallergy kana bvunzo dzeganda:Izvi zvinogona kuona kana chirwere cheallergy chiri kukonzera zviratidzo zveasthma.

Kuwanda kweropa: Vanachiremba vanogona kutarisa huwandu hwe eosinophil ne immunoglobulin E (IgE) uye vovavarira kurapwa kana vakaedza.Zvakakwira. MaEosinophils neIgE zvinogona kukwira mune mamwe marudzi easthma.

Spirometry:Iyi inzira yekuongorora mashandiro emapapu inoyera kuti mweya unoyerera sei mumapapu ako.

Kuongororwa kweX-ray yechipfuva kana CT scans: Izvi zvinogona kubatsira chiremba wako kutsvaga zvikonzero zvezviratidzo zvako.

Chiyero chekuyerera kwemvura (peak flow meter):Izvi zvinogona kuyera kuti nzira dzako dzekufema dzakaganhurirwa zvakadii panguva yezvimwe zviitiko.

Kutarisira uye Kurapa

Ndeipi nzira yakanakisisa yekurapa asthma? Nzira yakanakisisa yekurapa asthma ndeyekudzivirira chero zvinhu zvinozivikanwa zvinokonzera chirwere ichi uye kushandisa mishonga kuti nzira dzako dzekufema dzirambe dzakavhurika. Mupi wako wemishonga anogona kukunyorera zvinotevera:

Mishonga yekusimbisa mweya:Izvi zvinowanzova nema steroid anofema anoderedza kuzvimba. Dzimwe nguva, zvinosanganiswa nemhando dzakasiyana dze bronchodilators (mishonga inovhura nzira dzekufema).

Chinhu chinofema mushonga wekuponesa:Mishonga inofema "inonunura" inoshanda nekukurumidza inogona kubatsira panguva yekurwiswa neasthma. Ine bronchodilator inovhura nzira dzekufema nekukurumidza, senge albuterol.

Nebulizer:MaNebulizer anopfapfaidza mushonga mushomanana kuburikidza nemasiki kumeso kwako. Unogona kushandisa nebulizer panzvimbo peinhaler kune mimwe mishonga.

Zvigadziriso zveLeukotriene:Mupi wako wemishonga anogona kunyora piritsi rezuva nezuva kuti rikubatsire kuderedza zviratidzo zveasthma uye njodzi yekubatwa neasthma.

Mishonga inonwiwa:Chiremba wako anogona kunyora kuti munwe mushonga mupfupi wema steroid kuti munzwe marwadzo.

Kurapa kwezvipenyu: Kurapa kwakadai se monoclonal antibodies kunogona kubatsira asthma yakanyanya.

Thermoplasty yebronchial:Kana mamwe marapirwo asingashande, chiremba wako anogona kukukurudzira kuti uite thermoplasty yebronchial. Mukuita uku, chiremba wemapapu anoshandisa kupisa kuti atetepese tsandanyama dziri munzira dzekufema.

Chirongwa chekuita nezveasthma

Chiremba wako achashanda newe kugadzira hurongwa hwekuita zveasthma. Hurongwa uhwu hunokuudza mashandisirwo emishonga yako uye nguva yekushandisa. Hunokuudzawo zvekuita kana uine zviratidzo zvakasiyana uye nguva yekutsvaga rubatsiro rwekukurumidzira. Kumbira chiremba wako kuti akutungamirire.